Jewish Bolshevism

White Army poster portraying the Jewish Trotsky as a demonic figure leading the Asiatic hordes to kill European Russians.

Jewish Bolshevism or Judeo-Bolshevism is an anti-Semitic right-wing conspiracy theory which alleges that the Russian Revolution, or the entire Western communist movement, was led primarily by Jews with ulterior motives. The theory was a highly prominent form of anti-communism in Europe before World War II, playing a large role in the reactionary White movements and culminating in the form of Nazism. Jewish Bolshevism became less prominent after the defeat of fascism but continued to exist afterward and into the Cold War. The declining influence of anti-Semitism in the West has relegated it to the online far-right and other reactionary circles.

United States

1951 cover of American Legion magazine, official publication of a US veterans' association wich supported Joseph McCarthy's rabid anti-communism in the early 1950s.