Zionism: Difference between revisions
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Directly influenced by 19th-century [[European nationalist thought|European nationalism]], Jewish intellectuals began discussing a homeland for Jews as early as the 1850s as an alternative to political emancipation within their own countries. | Directly influenced by 19th-century [[European nationalist thought|European nationalism]], Jewish intellectuals began discussing a homeland for Jews as early as the 1850s as an alternative to political emancipation within their own countries. | ||
'''Political Zionism''', the support for international and legal recognition for Jewish statehood, was popularized by the European Jewish journalist [[Theodor Herzl]]. | '''Political Zionism''', the support for international and legal recognition for Jewish statehood, was popularized by the European Jewish journalist [[Theodor Herzl]], particularly in his 1896 pamphlet ''The Jewish State''. The spread of the Zionist project resulted in the ''aliyot'' (Hebrew for "ascents"; singular ''aliyah'') starting in 1882, concentrated efforts to move Jews out of oppressive states, particularly [[Russian Empire|Tsarist Russia]], to settlements in Ottoman Palestine. During the [[First World War]], the [[British]] government issued the Balfour Declaration, a statement of support for a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, which aimed to gain support for the British war effort against the Ottomans and the Central Powers. | ||
The spread of the Zionist project resulted in the ''aliyot'' (Hebrew for "ascents"; singular ''aliyah'') starting in 1882, concentrated efforts to move Jews out of oppressive states, particularly [[Russian Empire|Tsarist Russia]], to settlements in Ottoman Palestine. | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
Revision as of 17:47, 27 November 2023
Zionism is a nationalist political philosophy which seeks to establish and maintain a state for all Jews, which Zionists consider to constitute a nation. Zionism resulted in the establishment of Jewish minority communities in Ottoman Palestine around the turn of the 20th century, followed by the declaration of the State of Israel in 1948 and its admission to the United Nations the following year. Some critics label Zionism a settler colonialist, supremacist, racist, anti-Semitic or genocidal movement.
Although many leftists, including the Soviet Union, supported Zionism and the policy of the state of Israel at one point in time, today many or even most radical leftists throughout the world oppose Zionism.
Directly influenced by 19th-century European nationalism, Jewish intellectuals began discussing a homeland for Jews as early as the 1850s as an alternative to political emancipation within their own countries.
Political Zionism, the support for international and legal recognition for Jewish statehood, was popularized by the European Jewish journalist Theodor Herzl, particularly in his 1896 pamphlet The Jewish State. The spread of the Zionist project resulted in the aliyot (Hebrew for "ascents"; singular aliyah) starting in 1882, concentrated efforts to move Jews out of oppressive states, particularly Tsarist Russia, to settlements in Ottoman Palestine. During the First World War, the British government issued the Balfour Declaration, a statement of support for a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, which aimed to gain support for the British war effort against the Ottomans and the Central Powers.