Neo-Marxism

Neo-Marxism (alternatively Western Marxism or Modern Marxism) is a broad group of Marxist theories and political ideologies that developed primarily in Western Europe. A number of factors contributed to the development of Neo-Marxism. While Marx had predicted the overthrow of capitalism by the working class, this did not materialize during the 20th century. Western Marxists were moreover repelled by the practices of the Soviet Union. They sought to provide an alternative to both it and reformist social-democracy.

Neo-Marxism is primarily associated with the Frankfurt School and Antonio Gramsci.

Significant works in Neo-Marxism include:

• Dialectic of Enlightenment by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer
• One Dimensional Man by Herbert Marcuse
• An Essay on Liberation by Herbert Marcuse
• Reason and Revolution by Herbert Marcuse
• Eclipse of Reason by Max Horkheimer
• Eros and Civilization by Herbert Marcuse
• The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere by Jürgen Habermas