Internal debates
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Internal debates on the Soviet Union
| Tendency | Year of political degeneration in Russia | Year of capitalist restoration/installation in Russia | Cause of Russia degeneration and subsequent restoration | USSR's political economy (circa 1933) | Vanguardism | Organisational form | Parliamentary participation | National liberation | Trade unions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anarchism | 1917 or 1918 | N/A or 1917 or 1918 | Bourgeois revolution, Authoritarianism | State-capitalism or state-socialism | No | Federalism | Abstentionism | No | Strategic(tactical) |
| Impossibilism | 1917 or 1918 | N/A | Bourgeois revolution | Capitalism | No | Direct democracy | Strategic or principled | No | ? |
| Dengism[Note 1] | ~1953 or ~1985 | around 1990 | Lack of market reforms, foreign pressures | Socialism | N/A | N/A | N/A | Yes (claimed) | N/A |
| Left Communism | 1918 to early 1920s | N/A | Failure to expand to other countries, Counter-revolution | Capitalism | Yes (Italian Left)
No (Dutch-German Left) |
Organic centralism (Italian Left)
Direct Democracy (D-G Left) || Abstentionism || No || Varied, often no | |||
| Neo-Kautskyists | 1918 to early 1920s | 1990 | Socially non-viable economy | Non-mode of production | No | Democracy | Tactical | ? | Tactical |
| Trotskyism | 1926 | around 1990 | Socialism in One Country | Degenerated Workers' State (state-capitalism) | Yes | Democratic centralism | Yes | Yes | Strategic |
| Anti-revisionism[Note 2] | 1953[Note 3] | 1956[Note 4] | Revisionism | Socialism | Yes | Democratic centralism | Varied; often strategic | Yes | Strategic |
| Maoism | 1953 | 1956 | Revisionism, supposed lack of "mass line" | Socialism | Yes | Democratic
centralism (claimed) |
Mostly
Abstentionism [Note 5] |
Yes | No |
| Euro-communism | 1920s | N/A | Authoritarianism, revolutionism | Capitalism | No | Democracy | Yes | No | Yes |
| Council communism | N/A | N/A | Bourgeois revolution | State-capitalism | No | Federalism | Abstentionism | No | Strategic (tactical) |
Internal debates on the People's Republic of China
| Tendency | Year of political degeneration in China | Year of capitalist restoration/installation in China | Cause of China degeneration and subsequent restoration | PRC's political economy (circa 1975) | Vanguardism | Organisational form | Parliamentary participation | National liberation | Trade unions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anarchism | 1949 | N/A or 1978 | Bourgeois revolution, Authoritarianism | State-capitalism or state-socialism | No | Federalism | Abstentionism | No | Strategic(tactical) |
| Impossibilism | 1949 | N/A | Bourgeois revolution | Capitalism | No | Direct democracy | Strategic or principled | No | ? |
| Dengism | N/A[Note 6] | N/A[Note 6] | N/A[Note 6] | Socialism | N/A | N/A | N/A | Yes (claimed) | N/A |
| Left Communism | 1949 | N/A | Failure to expand to other countries, Counter-revolution | Capitalism | Yes (Italian Left)
No (Dutch-German Left) |
Organic centralism or centralism | Abstentionism | No | Varied, often no |
| Anti-revisionism | 1949[Note 7] | N/A or 1978 | Revisionism | Capitalism | Yes | Democratic centralism | Strategic or principled | Yes | Strategic |
| Maoism | 1976[Note 8] | 1978[Note 9] | Revisionism | Socialism | Yes | Democratic
centralism (claimed) |
Abstentionism | Yes | No |
| Euro-communism | 1949 | N/A | Authoritarianism, revolutionism | Capitalism | No | Democracy | Yes | No | Yes |
| Council communism | N/A | N/A | Bourgeois revolution | State-capitalism | No | Federalism | Abstentionism | No | Strategic (tactical) |
Notes
- ↑ Self-declared Marxist–Leninists who ideologically align with the modern Communist Party of China.
- ↑ Refers to Hoxha-aligned Marxist–Leninist(-Stalinists).
- ↑ Death of Stalin and rise of revisionist elements under Khrushchev.
- ↑ Destalinization, dismantlement of the dictatorship of the proletariat, and large-scale market reforms.
- ↑ Maoists aligned with political line of the Communist Party of Peru (Shining Path) follow strict anti-electorialism. However, certain Maoists, such as those in Nepal, believe in reformist and multi-party principles.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Rejects the notion that the People's Republic of China ever became revisionist and (re-)implemented capitalism.
- ↑ Most anti-revisionists maintain that Mao Zedong and the CPC always upheld deviationist and revisionist views.
- ↑ Death of Mao Zedong, Gang of Four arrested, and end of the Cultural Revolution.
- ↑ Conclusive political consolidation of Deng Xiaoping, beginning of mass-privatization.